Improved fuel economy resulting from better fuel/air mixing at light throttle, engine heat recovery and lower piston pumping loss.

Lower emissions of NOx, CO, hydrocarbons and CO2.

Improved power from lower charge temperature, improved mixing and higher compression/higher boost pressure without detonation.

Reduced injector fouling, particularly for propane and natural gas powered vehicles.

Alternate fuels combined with gasoline, including un-dehydrated ethanol injection.